Ngabe Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zepulasitiki Zisetshenziswa Kabusha Kanjani?

Namuhla, ipulasitiki ingenye yezinto esizisebenzisa kakhulu nsuku zonke https://www.tgtextrusion.com/news/plastic-recycle-machine/lives. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhluke kakhulu kangangokuthi kungenye yezinto ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu kakhulu lemfucuza. Okuthile osekuphenduke inkinga enkulu nokukhathazeka ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele.

Siyayisebenzisa futhi sikhulume ngokucatshangwa kabusha kokusetshenziswa kwayo, kodwa ingabe siyazi kahle ngempela? Kulesi sihloko, sihlanganisa izici eziyisisekelo zepulasitiki.

Amakhodi Different For Plastics
Isemabhodleleni, izitsha, okokugoqwa, nezinye izinto zansuku zonke. Ipulasitiki inezinto eziningi njengoba igaywa kabusha. Ngokwenza kabusha amapulasitiki owasebenzisa nsuku zonke, unganciphisa umthelela wakho emvelweni futhi usize amabhizinisi ehlise izindleko. Nokho, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zepulasitiki ezidalwe zilingana. Inombolo engaphakathi kophawu lokugaywa kabusha ezitsheni zepulasitiki, ezaziwa ngokuthi Ikhodi ye-SPI, inikeza ingcebo yolwazi mayelana nokuphepha kanye nokubola kwe-biodegradability yohlobo ngalunye lwepulasitiki. Ukuqonda lawa makhodi kuzokusiza wazi ukuthi ungahlunga kanjani izinto ezisetshenzisiwe zokugaywa kabusha. Ukuze uthole ireferensi esheshayo, nakhu ukubuka ngokushesha amakhodi ahlukene:

I-Polyethylene Terephthalate (i-PETE noma i-PET)

I-High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

I-Polyvinyl Chloride (P noma i-PVC)

I-Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

I-Polypropylene (PP)

I-Polystyrene (PS)

Izinhlobonhlobo zePlastiki

Ø I-PETE noma i-PET (i-Polyethylene Terephthalate): Yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-1940, amapulasitiki e-PET avame ukutholakala emabhodleleni eziphuzo, ezitsheni zokudla ezibolayo kanye ne-mouthwash. Amapulasitiki e-PET acacile ngokuvamile abhekwa njengephephile, kodwa angakwazi ukumunca iphunga nama-flavour ekudleni naseziphuzweni ezigcinwe kuzo. Zingaba yingozi futhi uma zichayeka ekushiseni, njengokuthi ibhodlela lamanzi lishiywe emotweni eshisayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-Antimony iphume epulasitiki bese ingena oketshezini. Ngenhlanhla, lawa mapulasitiki asebenziseka kalula, futhi izitshalo eziningi ezigaywa kabusha ziyawamukela, ngakho ukuwalahla ngendlela efanele kulula. Amapulasitiki e-PET agaywa kabusha abe ukhaphethi, ifenisha, kanye nemicu yezingubo zasebusika.

Ø I-HDPE (I-High Density Polyethylene): Enye yezinhlobo ezintsha kakhulu zamapulasitiki, i-HDPE yaqala ukudalwa ngeminyaka yawo-1950s ngu-Karl Ziegler no-Erhard Holzkamp. I-HDPE ipulasitiki evame ukugaywa kabusha futhi ngokuvamile ithathwa njengephephile ukuthintana nokudla yi-FDA. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi, i-HDPE inamandla kakhulu kune-PET, futhi ingasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuphepha. Ingaphinde isetshenziselwe izinto ezizogcinwa noma zisetshenziswe ngaphandle, ngoba yenza kahle kokubili amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye namakhaza. Imikhiqizo ye-HDPE inengozi ephansi kakhulu yokucwiliswa kokudla noma uketshezi. Uzothola lo pulasitiki ezitsheni zobisi, ezitsheni zeyogathi, ezitsheni zomkhiqizo wokuhlanza, amabhodlela okugeza umzimba kanye nemikhiqizo efanayo. Amathoyizi ezingane amaningi, amabhentshi asepaki, amabhodwe okutshala, namapayipi nawo enziwe nge-HDPE. I-HDPE egaywe kabusha yenziwa amapeni, izingodo zepulasitiki, uthango lwepulasitiki, amatafula epikiniki namabhodlela.

I-V noma i-PVC (i-Polyvinyl Chloride): Yaqala ukutholwa ngo-1838, ingenye yamapulasitiki amadala kakhulu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi iVinyl, i-PVC iyipulasitiki evamile eqala iqinile, kodwa iba nezimo lapho kufakwa ama-plasticizers. Itholakala kumakhadi esikweletu, ukugoqa ukudla, amapayipi amanzi, amathayela, amafasitela namathuluzi wezokwelapha, i-PVC ayivamisile ukugaywa kabusha. Amapulasitiki e-PVC aqukethe amakhemikhali ayingozi axhumene nezifo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izifo zamathambo nesibindi kanye nezinkinga zokukhula ezinganeni nasezinsaneni. Gcina izinto ze-PVC zikude nokudla neziphuzo. Izinhlelo ezikhethekile zisebenzisa kabusha i-PVC zibe i-flooring, paneling kanye nama-gutters aseceleni komgwaqo ukubala okumbalwa.

I-LDPE (I-Low-Density Polyethylene): I-LDPE inesakhiwo esilula kakhulu kuwo wonke amapulasitiki, okwenza kube lula ukuyikhiqiza. Yingakho isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezikhwama. Ipulasitiki ehlanzeke kakhulu futhi ephephile, i-LDPE iyatholakala nasezimpahleni zasendlini ezifana nokugoqwa kwepulasitiki, izitsha eziqandisiwe zokudla kanye namabhodlela acuthekayo. Izinhlelo eziningi zokugaywa kabusha seziqala ukwamukela amapulasitiki e-LDPE, kodwa kusenzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa kabusha. I-LDPE egaywe kabusha yenziwa izinto ezinjengamathini kadoti, amapaneli, ifenisha, i-flooring kanye nokugoqwa kwamabhamuza.

I-PP (i-Polypropylene): Itholwe enkampanini ye-petroleum ngo-1951, i-PP iqinile, iqinile futhi ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ibuye ibhekwe njengepulasitiki ephephile, futhi ngenxa yalokho, itholakala kuma-tupperware, izingxenye zemoto, ama-thermal vest, iziqukathi ze-yogurt, ngisho namanabukeni alahlwayo. Yize ingaphinda igaywe kabusha, ilahlwa kaningi. Uma igaywa kabusha, iguqulwa ibe yizinto ezisindayo njengamaphalethi, ama-ice scrapers, amareki nezintambo zebhethri. Izinhlelo eziningi zokusebenzisa kabusha zamukela i-PP.

Ø I-PS (i-Polystyrene): I-PS, noma i-Styrofoam, yatholwa ngengozi eJalimane ngo-1839. Ipulasitiki ebonakala kalula, i-PS itholakala ezinkomishini zesiphuzo, okokufaka, izinto zokupakisha, amabhokisi amaqanda kanye ne-dinnerware elahlwayo. Kushibhile futhi kulula ukukudala, futhi kutholakala yonke indawo. Kodwa-ke, akuphephile ngoba i-Styrofoam idume kabi ngokukhipha amakhemikhali ayingozi, ikakhulukazi uma ishisiwe, kanye nokungaphinde kusetshenziswe kahle. Njenge-PP, ivamise ukulahlwa, nakuba ezinye izinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha zingakwamukela. I-PS igaywa kabusha ibe yizinto ezahlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ukufakwa kwempahla, izimpahla zesikole kanye nohlaka lwamapuleti elayisensi.

Ø I-Miscellaneous Plastics: Ikhodi ye-SPI 7 isetshenziselwa wonke amapulasitiki hhayi ingxenye yezinye izinhlobo eziyisi-6. Naphezu kokufakwa kwazo ezintweni ezithandwayo njengezibuko zelanga, isikhwama sekhompiyutha, inayiloni, ama-compact disc namabhodlela ezingane, lawa mapulasitiki aqukethe amakhemikhali anobuthi i-bisphenol A noma i-BPA. Akuzona nje kuphela eziyingozi, kodwa lezi zinhlobo zamapulasitiki zinzima kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa kabusha njengoba zingabhidliki kalula. Uma izitshalo ezigaywa kabusha ziyakwamukela, Ipulasitiki #7 igaywa kabusha ibe izingodo zepulasitiki kanye nemikhiqizo ekhethekile.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zepulasitiki Ezingasetshenziswa Kabusha?
Ngendlela efanayo ukuthi ikhodi yaqaliswa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamapulasitiki ngenxa yokuhlukana kwawo ekubunjweni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ngezinhloso, kukhona umehluko endleleni yokuvuselela izinto.

Eqinisweni, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa, inombolo 7, olungakwazi ukugaywa kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezo ezenziwe ngezinto okunzima ukuzihlukanisa, ezinombala obala kakhulu noma ezonakaliswe izimo zomkhathi azikulungele ukugaywa kabusha nakho.

Kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okulula kokugaywa kabusha ngohlobo olusungula "amalebula" amane mayelana nalokhu: "kulula", "kungenzeka", "kunzima" kanye "nobunzima kakhulu".

Izinhlobo zepulasitiki zizosatshalaliswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Kulula: I-PET, i-HDPE

Okungenzeka: LDPE, PP

Kunzima: PS

Kunzima kakhulu: i-PVC

Thenga Imishini Yokugaywa Kabusha Kwepulasitiki Kuthi
Ukuba nomshini wokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki kubalulekile ekugayweni kabusha kwamapulasitiki afana ne-polyethylene, i-polypropylene ne-PVC. Sicela ufinyelele umshini osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi osebenza ngempumelelo.